危廢暫存間的廢氣處理系統(tǒng)在不同項(xiàng)目中的應(yīng)用差異有哪些？

　　What are the differences in the application of waste gas treatment systems in hazardous waste temporary storage rooms in different projects?

　　危廢暫存間的廢氣處理系統(tǒng)在不同項(xiàng)目中存在著多種應(yīng)用差異。以下將從多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述。

　　The exhaust gas treatment system in the hazardous waste temporary storage room has various application differences in different projects. The following will elaborate in detail from multiple aspects.

　　一、處理工藝的差異

　　1、 Differences in processing techniques

　　活性炭滯留衰變工藝：在第三代核電站放射性廢氣處理系統(tǒng)中，活性炭滯留衰變工藝具有相對(duì)安全及占用空間小的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)。不同核電站的放射性廢氣處理工藝雖存在一定差異，但該工藝在第三代反應(yīng)堆核電站的廣泛應(yīng)用會(huì)產(chǎn)生較好的社會(huì)效益。

　　Activated carbon retention decay process: In the third-generation nuclear power plant radioactive waste gas treatment system, the activated carbon retention decay process has outstanding advantages of relative safety and small space occupation. Although there are certain differences in the radioactive waste gas treatment processes of different nuclear power plants, the widespread application of this process in third-generation reactor nuclear power plants will generate good social benefits.

　　化學(xué)洗滌 + UV 光解 + 活性炭吸附工藝：以杭州市第三固廢處置中心項(xiàng)目為例，根據(jù)廢氣成分和環(huán)保要求，選擇采用 “化學(xué)洗滌 + UV 光解 + 活性炭吸附” 的凈化系統(tǒng)工藝。該工藝對(duì)各個(gè)設(shè)備的工作原理、系統(tǒng)設(shè)置、風(fēng)量計(jì)算、設(shè)備選型等進(jìn)行了分析。

　　Chemical washing+UV photolysis+activated carbon adsorption process: Taking the Hangzhou Third Solid Waste Disposal Center project as an example, based on the composition of exhaust gas and environmental requirements, the purification system process of "chemical washing+UV photolysis+activated carbon adsorption" is selected. This process analyzes the working principles, system settings, air volume calculation, and equipment selection of various equipment.

　　活性炭吸附 / 脫附 + 催化燃燒處理工藝：文章介紹了危廢處置中心暫存庫(kù)廢氣特點(diǎn)及常見(jiàn)處理工藝的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，選用活性炭吸附 / 脫附 + 催化燃燒處理工藝對(duì)某一具體案例進(jìn)行分析與探討。得出該組合工藝是危廢處置中心項(xiàng)目暫存庫(kù)有機(jī)物廢氣處理的一種新型工藝的結(jié)論，其性能穩(wěn)定，成熟可靠，經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)保，對(duì)于危廢行業(yè)有較好的應(yīng)用前景。

　　Activated carbon adsorption/desorption+catalytic combustion treatment process: This article introduces the characteristics of waste gas in the temporary storage of hazardous waste disposal centers and the advantages and disadvantages of common treatment processes. The activated carbon adsorption/desorption+catalytic combustion treatment process is selected to analyze and explore a specific case. The conclusion is that this combination process is a new type of process for the treatment of organic waste gas in the temporary storage warehouse of the hazardous waste disposal center project. Its performance is stable, mature, reliable, economical and environmentally friendly, and it has good application prospects for the hazardous waste industry.

　　二、空間利用及存儲(chǔ)容量的影響

　　2、 The impact of space utilization and storage capacity

　　在橡膠行業(yè)的 PT. Famili Raya 中，對(duì)有毒有害廢物的臨時(shí)存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域進(jìn)行重新布局，采用 5S（Seiri、Seiton、Seiso、Seiketsu、Shitsuke）方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。結(jié)果表明，空間利用率降低了 32.67%，但并未減少?gòu)U舊電池、廢舊管狀燈、廢油和松節(jié)油廢物的最大存儲(chǔ)容量。

　　In PT. Familia Raya of the rubber industry, the temporary storage area for toxic and hazardous waste has been rearranged and designed using the 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke) method. The results showed that the space utilization rate decreased by 32.67%, but did not reduce the maximum storage capacity of waste batteries, waste tubular lamps, waste oil, and turpentine waste.

　　三、針對(duì)不同行業(yè)的特點(diǎn)

　　3、 Targeting the characteristics of different industries

　　多晶硅生產(chǎn)行業(yè)：為解決多晶硅生產(chǎn)中的廢氣處理問(wèn)題，對(duì)原工藝進(jìn)行了改革。改革后的工藝中，約 92.1% 的廢氣中的氯硅烷被回收，堿溶液的月平均消耗量減少了 500 噸。廢氣中有毒有害污染物的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)從 17.6% 降至 0.08%，完全消除了火災(zāi)和爆炸事故，大大提高了系統(tǒng)的安全性和穩(wěn)定性。此外，多晶硅產(chǎn)品的月平均產(chǎn)量和合格率分別提高了 13.8% 和 4.7%。

　　Polycrystalline silicon production industry: In order to solve the problem of waste gas treatment in polycrystalline silicon production, the original process has been reformed. In the reformed process, about 92.1% of chlorosilane in the exhaust gas is recovered, and the monthly average consumption of alkali solution is reduced by 500 tons. The mass fraction of toxic and harmful pollutants in exhaust gas has been reduced from 17.6% to 0.08%, completely eliminating fire and explosion accidents and greatly improving the safety and stability of the system. In addition, the monthly average production and qualification rate of polycrystalline silicon products have increased by 13.8% and 4.7% respectively.

　　同位素生產(chǎn)線項(xiàng)目：為確保某同位素生產(chǎn)線項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)生的氣態(tài)放射性流出物能滿足排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)比了加壓衰變法與滯留床吸附法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，提出了 “堿洗 + 冷凍除濕 + 吸附干燥 + 活性炭滯留” 聯(lián)合工藝。詳細(xì)介紹了處理工藝流程、主要設(shè)備的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)及滯留床活性炭用量的優(yōu)化計(jì)算，對(duì)廢氣處理裝置的功能、系統(tǒng)流程、系統(tǒng)配置、布置方案等進(jìn)行闡述。

　　Isotope production line project: In order to ensure that the gaseous radioactive effluent generated by a certain isotope production line project can meet the emission standards, the advantages and disadvantages of the pressure decay method and the retention bed adsorption method were compared, and a combined process of "alkali washing+freeze dehumidification+adsorption drying+activated carbon retention" was proposed. A detailed introduction was given to the treatment process flow, parameter design of main equipment, and optimization calculation of the amount of activated carbon used in the retention bed. The functions, system flow, system configuration, and layout plan of the exhaust gas treatment device were elaborated.

　　石油和天然氣行業(yè)：石油和天然氣行業(yè)中，柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的維護(hù)活動(dòng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生 B3 廢物，即廢油。研究目的是基于文獻(xiàn)和 B3 臨時(shí)廢物存儲(chǔ)（TPS）的設(shè)計(jì)，確定石油和天然氣的危險(xiǎn)廢物臨時(shí)存儲(chǔ)。通過(guò)描述性定性方法，參考政府法規(guī)，設(shè)計(jì)了 TPS，其中 B3 固體廢物倉(cāng)庫(kù)的最大廢物容量為 4000 噸，B3 液體廢物倉(cāng)庫(kù)的最大容量為 4000 升，B3 廢物 TPS 的建筑面積為 108 平方米

　　Oil and gas industry: In the oil and gas industry, maintenance activities of diesel engines generate B3 waste, also known as waste oil. The research objective is to determine the temporary storage of hazardous waste for oil and gas based on literature and the design of B3 Temporary Waste Storage (TPS). By using descriptive qualitative methods and referencing government regulations, TPS was designed, with a maximum waste capacity of 4000 tons for B3 solid waste warehouse and 4000 liters for B3 liquid waste warehouse. The building area of B3 waste TPS is 108 square meters

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